Paper: Thinking by doing?
There is a co-ordination of senses and thought, and also a reciprocal influence between brain activity and material creative activity. In this reaction the hands are peculiarly important. It is a moot point whether the human hand created the human brain, or the brain created the hand. Certainly the connection is intimate and reciprocal. |
A.N. Whitehead, Technical Education and its Relation to Science and Literature, p. 78. |
Hansjörg Neth, Stephen J. Payne
Thinking by doing? Epistemic actions in the tower of Hanoi
Abstract: This article explores the concept of epistemic actions in the Tower of Hanoi (ToH) problem. Epistemic actions (Kirsh & Maglio, 1994) are actions that do not traverse the problem space toward the goal but facilitate subsequent problem solving by changing the actor’s cognitive state. We report an experiment in which people repeatedly solve ToH tasks. An instructional manipulation asked participants to minimize moves either trial by trial or only on the last three of six trials. This manipulation did not have the predicted effect on the trial-by-trial move counts. A second, device manipulation provided some participants with an “exploratory mode” in which move sequences could be tried then undone without affecting the criterion move count. Participants effectively used this mode to reduce moves on each trial, but there was no clear evidence that they used it to learn about the problem across trials. We conclude that there is strong evidence for one sub-type of epistemic action (acting-to-plan) but no evidence for a second sub-type (acting-to-learn).
Keywords: Problem solving, acting vs. planning, epistemic actions, immediate interactive behavior (IIB), PhD.
Reference: Neth, H., & Payne, S. J. (2002). Thinking by Doing? Epistemic actions in the tower of Hanoi. In W. D. Gray and C. D. Schunn (Eds.), Proceedings of the 24th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 691–696). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Related: Addition as interactive problem solving | Immediate interactive behavior (IIB) | Taxonomy of actions | The cognitive basis of arithmetic | Interactive coin addition
Resources: Download PDF | Google Scholar
Comment: This experiment used my MultiTowers program that allows running psychological experiments involving the Towers of Hanoi (ToH) and Tower of London (ToL) problems and is described and available here. (Please note: The Visual Basic 6 source code was written in 2002, so be careful when running it on current systems.)
Comments are Disabled